Prevalence of Parafunctional Habits among Preschool Children and its Correlation to Parental Education Status

Authors

Huda R. Mahdi Alawsi, Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IraqFollow
Bayan A. Hassan, Hawler Medical UniversityFollow
Shaho Z. Jamil Al-Talabani, Hawler Medical UniversityFollow

Corresponding Author

Huda R. Mahdi Alawsi

Authors ORCID

0000-0002-5035-2210

Document Type

Research Article

Abstract

Background: Parafunctional habit has been associated in the literature with alterations of dental occlusion; it could be a predisposing factor for malocclusion. This cross-sectional study is aimed to assess the prevalence of parafunctional habits and its relation to parent’s education. Subjects and Methods: Convenience sample of 500 children aged between 4 and 6 years of both gender 262 boys and 238 girls receiving their medical care in primary health-care centers and in Raparin Pediatric Hospital of Erbil city to study parafunctional habits and its relation to parents education. Results: Mouth breathing and nail biting were more prevalent habits in the included children than lip sucking and bruxism. The former habits prevalence showed no significant differences in children whose their parents education background are different (high, middle, or low education). Conclusion: Mouth breathing and nail biting were highly prevalent habits among preschool children in Erbil city. No significant association was found between the prevalence of bad oral habits and parents education.

Keywords

Parafunctional habits, Parents education, Preschool children

How to Cite This Article

Mahdi Alawsi, Huda R.; Hassan, Bayan A.; and Jamil Al-Talabani, Shaho Z. (2021) "Prevalence of Parafunctional Habits among Preschool Children and its Correlation to Parental Education Status," Polytechnic Journal: Vol. 11: Iss. 1, Article 9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v11n1y2021.pp42-45

References

Aloumi, A., A. Alqahtani and A. Darwish. 2018. Oral parafunctional habits among preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. S. J. Oral Sci. 5(1): 22-27.

Balanta-Melo, J., V. Toro-Ibacache, K, Kupczik and S. Buvinic. 2019. Mandibular bone loss after masticatory muscles intervention with botulinum toxin: An approach from basic research to clinical findings. Toxins (Basel). 11(2): 84.

Bishara, S., editor. 2001. Textbook of Orthodontics. W B Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. p606-17.

Borges, H. C., C. A. S. Garbín, O. Saliba, N. A. Saliba and S. A. S. Moimaz. 2012. Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition. Braz. Oral Res. 26(6): 564-570.

Canut, J. 2005. Ortodonciaclínica y Terapéutica. 2nded. MASSON, Barcelona.

Dhull, K. S., T. Verma and B. Dutta. 2018. Prevalence of deleterious oral habits among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Int. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent. 11(3): 210-213.

Farid, M. and N. Metwalli. 2010. Computed tomographic evaluation of mouth breathers among paediatric patients. Dentomaxillofac.Radiol. 39(1): 1-10.

Farsi, N. and F. Salama. 1997. Sucking habits in Saudi children: Prevalence, contributing factors and effects on the primary dentition. Pediatr. Dent. 19(1): 28-33.

Gederi, A., K. Coomaraswamy and P. Turner. 2013. Pacifiers: Areview of risks vs benefits. Dent. Update. 40(2): 92-101.

Gill, D. and F. Naini. 2011. Orthodontics: Principles and Practice. 1st ed. Wiley Blackwell, Hoboken, New Jersey. p281.

Grippaudo, C., E. Paolantonio, G. Antonini, R. Saulle, G. La Torre and R. Deli. 2016. Association between oral habits, mouth breathing and malocclusion. Acta Otorhinolaryngol. Ital. 36(5): 386-394.

Lerardo, G., M. Mazur, V. Luzzi, F. Calcagnile, L. Ottolenghi and A. Polimeni. 2019. Treatments of sleep bruxism in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cranio. 26(1): 1-7.

MOSBY. 2009. Mosby’s Medical Dictionary. 8th ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Murali, R. and P. Rangarajan. 2015. Bruxism: conceptual discussion and review. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci. 7(1): S26.

Omer, M. and A. Abuaffan. 2015. Prevalence of oral habits and its effect in primary dentition among Sudanese preschool children in Khartoum City. Indian J. Dent. Educ. 8(2): 57-62.

Oshio, A. 2018.Who shake their legs and bite their nails? Self-reported repetitive behaviors and big five personality traits. Psychol. Stud. 63(4): 384.

Paesani, D. 2010. Bruxism Theory and Practice. Quintessence Publishing Co., Chicago.

Phulari, B. 2011. Orthodontics Pricioles and Practices. 1st ed. Jaypee Brothers Medical Puplisher, India.

Polmann, H., F. Domingos, G. Melo, J. Stuginski-Barbosa, E. N. Guerra, A. Porporatti, B. Dick, C. Flores-Mir and G. De Luca Canto. 2019. Association between sleep bruxism and anxiety symptoms in adults: A systematic review. J. Oral Rehabil. 46(5): 482-491.

Shahraki, N., S. Yassaei and M. Moghadam. 2012. Abnormal oral habits: A review. J. Dent. Oral Hyg. 4(2): 12-15.

Soares-Silva, L., C. Tavares-Silva, A. Fonseca-Gonçalves and L. C. Maia. 2019. Presence of oral habits and their association with the trait of anxiety in pediatric patients with possible sleep bruxism. J. Indian Soc. Pedod. Prev. Dent. 37(3): 245-250.

Tanaka, O., R. F. Vitral, G. Tanaka, A. Guerrero and E. Camargo. 2008. Nailbiting, or onychophagia: A special habit. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 134(2): 305-308.

Valcheva, Z., H. Rnautska, M. Dimova, G. Ivanova and I. Atanasova. 2018. The role of mouth breathing on dentition development and formation. J. IMAB. 24(1): 1878-1882.

Wigen, T. and N. Wang. 2012. Parental influences on dental caries development in preschool children. An overview with emphasis on recent Norwegian research. Norsk Epidemiol. 22(1): 13-19.

Yetmitan, T., O. da Costa, O. Sanue and M. C. Isiekwe. 2010.The effects of digit sucking on dental arch dimensionsin primary dentition. Afr. J. Med. Med. Sci. 39(1): 55-61.

Publication Date

6-30-2021