•  
  •  
 

Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in greenhouse at Directorate of Agriculture Researches/ Ankawa - Erbil Ministry of Agriculture and water resources / Kurdistan Regional Government – Iraq during 26-9-2021 to 1-4-2022 to the aim, which are yield and fruit quality of two strawberry cultivars (Sabrina and Camarosa) production and fruit characteristics under three systems Hydroponics (Vertical Nutrient Film (NFT), deep water culture (DWC) and horizontal Nutrient Film (NFT). The results showed significant differences among the treatments, As the Sabrina cultivar had a superiority over Camarosa in terms of the size of the fruits, the percentage of un-marketed fruits, ( TSS%) and (TTA%). the Camarosa cultivar outperformed the Sabrina cultivar of the number of flowers and fruits, the weight of the fruits, the total production of the plant; as well as, the percentage of marketable fruits and the percentage of iodization of juice, treatment of DWC was superior in both number of flowers.plant-1, number of fruitS.plant-1, fruit weight (g), fruit size (cm3), plant yield (g), percentage of viable and nonmarketable fruits, (TSS%), (TTA%) and ratio between them, anthocyanin content in fruits and juice percentage %, The data showed non-significant differences among hydroponic systems and cultivars in terms of the percentage of vitamin C, ; however, significant differences were found in the interaction between the treatments for all studied traits.

Receive Date

15 June 2022

Accept Date

23 Aug 2022

References

[1] A.O.A.C., 1998. Official methods of analysis association of official analytical chemists. Washington D. C., 12th Ed.

[2] Al-Rawahy, M.S., Al-Rawahy, S.A., Al-Mulla, Y.A. and Nadaf, S.K., 2019. Influence of nutrient solution temperature on its oxygen level and growth, yield and quality of hydroponic cucumber. Journal of Agricultural Science, 11(3), pp.75-92.

[3] Alvarado-Chávez, J.A., Gómez-González, A., Lara-Herrera, A., Díaz-Pérez, J.C. and García-Herrera, E.J., 2020. Yield and quality of strawberry fruit grown in a greenhouse in a pyramidal hydroponic system. Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas, 11(8), pp.1737-1748.

[4] Antunes, L.E.C., Ristow, N.C., Krolow, A.C.R., Carpenedo, S. and Reisser Júnior, C., 2010. Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars. Horticultura Brasileira, 28, pp.222-226.

[5] Avestan, S., Ghasemnezhad, M., Esfahani, M. and Barker, A.V., 2021. Effects of nanosilicon dioxide on leaf anatomy, chlorophyll fluorescence, and mineral element composition of strawberry under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 44(20), pp.3005-3019.

[6] Cantliffe, D.J., Castellanos, J.Z. and Paranjpe, A.V., 2007, December. Yield and quality of greenhouse-grown strawberries as affected by nitrogen level in coco coir and pine bark media. In Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society (Vol. 120, pp. 157-161).

[7] Cecatto, A.P., Calvete, E.O., Nienow, A.A., Costa, R.C.D., Mendonça, H.F.C. and Pazzinato, A.C., 2013. Culture systems in the production and quality of strawberry cultivars. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 35, pp.471-478.

[8] Cervantes, L., Ariza, M.T., Miranda, L., Lozano, D., Medina, J.J., Soria, C. and Martínez-Ferri, E., 2020. Stability of fruit quality traits of different strawberry varieties under variable environmental conditions. Agronomy, 10(9), p.1242.

[9] Chung, P.C., Wu, H.Y., Wang, Y.W., Ariyawansa, H.A., Hu, H.P., Hung, T.H., Tzean, S.S. and Chung, C.L., 2020. Diversity and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species causing strawberry anthracnose in Taiwan and description of a new species, Colletotrichum miaoliense sp. nov. Scientific reports, 10(1), pp.1-16.

[10] Dos Santos Trentin, T., Dornelles, A.G., dos Santos Trentin, N., Huzar-Novakowiski, J., Oliveira Calvete, E. and Chiomento, J.L.T., 2022. Addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar in the cultivation substrate benefits macronutrient contents in strawberry plants. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, pp.1-12.

[11] Ebrahimi, R., Souri, M.K., Ebrahimi, F. and Ahmadizadeh, M., 2012. Growth and yield of strawberries under different potassium concentrations of hydroponic system in three substrates. World Appl. Sci. J, 16(10), pp.1380-1386.

[12] EL-Sayed, S., Hassan, H., Abul-Soud, M. and Gad, D., 2016. Effect of substrate mixtures and nutrient solutions sources on strawberry plants under closed hydroponic system. Journal of Productivity and Development, 21(1), pp.97-115.

[13] Engler, N. and Krarti, M., 2021. Review of energy efficiency in controlled environment agriculture. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 141, pp.110786.

[14] Ercisli, S., Sahin, U., Esitken, A. and Anapali, O., 2005. Effects of some growing media on the growth of strawberry cvs.'Camarosa'and'Fern'. Acta Agrobotanica, 58(1), pp.235-240.

[15] Fernandez, G.E., Butler, L.M. and Louws, F.J., 2002. Strawberry plant growth parameters and yield among transplants of different types and from different geographic sources, grown in a plasticulture system. HortTechnology, 12(1), pp.100-103.

[16] Fernández-Cabanás, V.M., Delgado, A., Lobillo-Eguíbar, J.R. and Pérez-Urrestarazu, L., 2022. Early production of strawberry in aquaponic systems using commercial hydroponic bands. Aquacultural Engineering, 97, p.102242.

[17] Garrido-Bigotes, A., Figueroa, P.M. and Figueroa, C.R., 2018. Jasmonate metabolism and its relationship with abscisic acid during strawberry fruit development and ripening. Journal of plant growth regulation, 37(1), pp.101-113.

[18] Gasic, K. and Preece, J.E., 2014. Register of new fruit and nut cultivars list 47. HortScience, 49(4), pp.396-421.

[19]Jafarnia, S., Khosrowshahi, S., Hatamzadeh, A. and Tehranifar, A., 2010. Effect of substrate and variety on some important quality and quantity characteristics of strawberry production in vertical hydroponics system. Advances in Environmental Biology, pp.360-364.

[20]Juber, K.S., Al-Juboory, H.H. and Al-Juboory, S.B., 2014. Fusarium wilt disease of strawberry caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fragariae in Iraq and its control. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2(4), pp.419- 427.

[22] Kang, D.I., Hu, J., Li, Y. and Jeong, B.R., 2020. Growth, productivity, and quality of strawberry as affected by propagation method and cultivation system. Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, 29(4), pp.326-336.

[23] Karimi, F., Arunkumar, B., Asif, M., Murthy, B. and Venkatesha, K., 2013. Effect of different soilless culture systems on growth, yield and quality of strawberry cv. strawberry festival. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9(1), pp.366-372.

[24] Khalil, a.t. & al-aareji, j.m., 2022. Role of foliar spray with selenium and urea on growth, flowering, and yield of strawberry (Fragaria X Ananassa Duch.) Cv. camarosa. Texas Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5, pp.14-21.

[25] Maheshgowda, B.M., Madaiah, D., Dinesh Kumar, M., Shivkumar, B.S. and Ganapathi, M., 2016. Performance of strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa Duch.) genotypes for yield, quality and biochemical traits under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions. Int. J. Trop. Agric, 34(5), pp.23-26.

[26] Mead, R., Curnow, R.N. and Hasted, A.M., 2017. Statistical methods in agriculture and experimental biology. Chapman and Hall/CRC.

[27] Mohamed, M.H., Petropoulos, S.A. and Ali, M.M.E., 2021. The application of nitrogen fertilization and foliar spraying with calcium and boron affects growth aspects, chemical composition, productivity and fruit quality of strawberry plants. Horticulturae, 7(8), p.257.

[28] Mohapatra, B.C., Chandan, N.K., Panda, S.K., Majhi, D. and Pillai, B.R., 2020. Design and development of a portable and streamlined nutrient film technique (NFT) aquaponic system. Aquacultural Engineering, 90, p.102100.

[29] Murthy, B.N.S., Karimi, F., Laxman, R.H. and Sunoj, V.S.J., 2016. Response of strawberry cv. Festival grown under vertical soilless culture system. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 73(2), pp.300-303.

[30] Mustafa, M.A. and AbdulRahman, H.B., 2021, November. The effect of the growing media and planting distances on the growth and yield of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) grown in plastic tubes. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 904(1), p. 012049.

[31] Mustafa, S.A., Ahmed, F.K., Kasnazany, S.A. and Lazim, Z.S., 2019. Study on vegetative growth and yield of some coloured grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Kurdistan region, Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32, pp.228-235.

[32] Neetu, S.S., 2018. Evaluation of strawberry cultivars for growth and yield characteristics in plain region of Chattisgrah India. Int. J Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 7(02), pp.2835-2840.

[33] Palei, S., Das, K., Sahoo, K., Dash, D.K. and Swain, S., 2016. Influence of plant growth regulators on strawberry Cv. Chandler under Odisha condition. Int. J. Sci. Res, 7, pp.9945- 9948.

[34] Panigrahi, H.K., 2020. Evaluation of different strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars for growth, flowering, fruiting and fruit maturity parameters under protected condition. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(5), pp.2948-2952.

[35] Pascual, m. p., lorenzo, g. a., and gabriel, a. g., 2018. Vertical farming using hydroponic system: Toward a sustainable onion production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Open Journal of Ecology, 8(01), p.25.

[36] Paul, C., Gomasta, J. and Hossain, M.M., 2017. Effects of planting dates and variety on growth and yield of strawberry. International journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science, 1(4), pp.1-12.

[37] Roosta, H.R., Bagheri, M.H., Hamidpour, M. and Roozban, M.R., 2018. Interactive effects of nitrogen form and oxygen concentration on growth and nutritional status of eggplant in hydroponics.

[38] Sas institute., 2003. Statistical Analysis System Procedures Guice, Ver. 9, 3rd ed. Institute Inc. Cary.

[39] Sharma, N., Acharya, S., Kumar, K., Singh, N. and Chaurasia, O.P., 2018. Hydroponics as an advanced technique for vegetable production: An overview. Journal of Soil and Water Sharma, N., Acharya, S., Kumar, K., Singh, N. and Chaurasia, O.P., 2018. Hydroponics as an advanced technique for vegetable production: An overview. Journal of Soil and Water.

[40] Singh, M., 2021. Organic farming for sustainable agriculture. Indian Journal of Organic Farming, 1(1), pp.1-8.

[41] Smeets, L., 1980. Effect of the light intensity during flowering on stamen development in the strawberry cultivars ‘Karina’and ‘Sivetta’. Scientia horticulturae, 12(4), pp.343-346.

[42]Suliman, H.M., Yousif, S.H. and Yousif, K.H., 2020. Response of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) to the application of microbial inoculants and organic fertilizers. Journal of Duhok University, 23(2), pp.71-77.

[43]Suntornsuk, L., Gritsanapun, W., Nilkamhank, S. and Paochom, A., 2002. Quantitation of vitamin C content in herbal juice using direct titration. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 28(5), pp.849-855.

[44] Tohidloo, G., Souri, M.K. and Eskandarpour, S., 2018. Growth and fruit biochemical characteristics of three strawberry genotypes under different potassium concentrations of nutrient solution. Open Agriculture, 3(1), pp.356-362.

[45] Wan, C., Mi, L., Chen, B., Li, J., Huo, H., Xu, J. and Chen, X., 2018. Effects of nitrogen during nursery stage on flower bud differentiation and early harvest after transplanting in strawberry. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 41(1), pp.1-10.

[46] Yoshida, H., Hikosaka, S., Goto, E., Takasuna, H. and Kudou, T., 2012, October. Effects of light quality and light period on flowering of everbearing strawberry in a closed plant production system. In VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems 956 (pp. 107-112).

[47] Yuvaraj, M. and Subramanian, K.S., 2020. Different types of hydroponics system. Biotica Research Today, 2(8), pp.835-837.

Download

Share

COinS