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Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

The strawberry, or Fragaria x ananassa Duch., is a crop that is grown extensively around the world, including in Kurdistan. However, the crop is frequently compromised by soil-borne pathogens, particularly the fungal pathogen Fusarium solani, which causes considerable damage and economic losses. The devastating nature of this disease has not been adequately controlled by traditional techniques of control. This study aimed to integrate multiple control strategies to mitigate the impact of Fusarium solani on strawberry production. Strawberry samples were collected from the region, and after the pathogen was isolated, it became clear that Fusarium solani was the main culprit causing crown and root rot. In a controlled greenhouse environment, eleven individual and combinatory control methods were tested on potted strawberry plants. Disease severity was assessed and analyzed statistically. The findings revealed a significant variance in the effectiveness of treatments, with combinations T3 (sumac extract), T4 (Pristine fungicide), and T9 (Gathering Trichoderma harzianum and Pristine) demonstrating superior disease prevention capabilities. Moderate control was observed with treatments T2 (Trichoderma harzianum) and T5 (Gathering Pseudomonas flaorescens and Trichoderma harzianum), while T6 (Gathering Pseudomonas flaorescens and sumac extract), T10 (Gathering sumac extract and Pristine), and T8 (Gathering Pseudomonas flaorescens and Pristine) exhibited minimal effectiveness. These results are pivotal for developing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies that optimize disease control in strawberry cultivation, emphasizing sustainable practices that reduce reliance on fungicides. By adopting these integrated methods, strawberry producers in Kurdistan can enhance crop resilience and sustainability.

Receive Date

12/12/2024

Revise Date

11/05/2024

Accept Date

15/05/2025

Publication Date

6-16-2025

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